Futhark is a runic alphabet.

One of the main features of any graphic system of written signs is the established order of arrangement of graphic characters adopted for a particular language. The alphabetical order of graphic characters adopted in runic writing is called futark (fuþark) - by the name of the first six letters... The established alphabetical order of letters in Russian is called by the name of the first two letters - ABC, and in Latin - from the first two letters Alpha-ἄλφα and Betta- β, βῆτα, βήτα, beta (vita), which conveyed the sounds [b] and [v], therefore called AlfaVit. Arrangement of graphic symbols Runic Futhark is not found in any other writing system.

The runic alphabet was divided into three rows, which are called ettirs (Il. Ættir - ettir, Norse Ætt - att), 8 runes in each ettir.
The first ettir includes runes f, u, þ, a, r, k, g, w.
In the second ettir - h, n, i, j, é (ih-wh), p, R (z), s.
In the third ettir runes - t, b, e, m, l, ŋ, d, o.

As in Russian, each letter of the alphabet, each rune futarka has not only a special sound, but also its name. The original names of all the futark runes have not survived, but their alleged names have been restored from rune names, preserved in later alphabets.

Everything, including the Russian language, originates from the single proto-language of Vedic Sanskrit, in which the most ancient Rig-Veda is written. It is in Vedic Sanskrit that one should seek. The Sanskrit word "RAsnA» - « secret, secret, any secret teaching "(dictionary: http://www.sanskrit-lexicon.uni-koeln.de/cgi-bin/tamil/recherche), in the Gothic language the word « runa " means "secret", in ancient German "Runen" , and in Old Norse "Runar" - "secret", in English: " Secret "- Hidden.

The meaning of the futark runes.

The first ettir includes runes - f, u, þ, a, r, k, g, w.

1 rune - Fehu or Feu - FEHU, sound f, v. Late Scandinavian - fe / fa / - property, wealth, livestock.
Gothic language - proficiency - faihu. IE: feohspéd, feoh; British - feh. In Great Frisia (Magna Frisia) - fee, for the Dutch - "cattle" - vee. The name of the rune means cattle, property; fire, flame.

2 runes - Uruz - URUZ, sound u. The name of the rune comes from the word "primitive bull" - TOUR,... Late Scandinavian - UR- urr - bison
British - ur-bison
Gothic- uruz- bull.

3 runes - Turisaz - THURISAZ - sound þ;"Turisaz or Tours" = "as-tour" - means "giant", "able to get out". In Sanskrit: (related words in Russian: vytURit, TURnut, ...)
Sanskrit: Tur, turrate, turiya, turana, turayate - tur, tur-rate, tUrya, turANa, turayate - turn, turit, vyturit (use force), puffed out ... (kicked out,). Late Scandinavian - thurs - ture - giant. Gothic - thaurls - taurls, gates.
British - torn - thorn
In the Viking era, this runic sign, similar to a thorn, was called so: Þorn("Thorn / thorn"). In the Icelandic alphabet, it is still preserved in the form of a letter þ ("thorn") and corresponds to English th.

4 runes. Ansuz - ANSUZ, sound a. The name of the rune comes from the word Asa. British - os - ac.
Gothic - ansuz - message. Asses are brothers and children of Odin, personify "Good", oppose the forces of Evil. In Sanskrit: , immaterial, divine, supreme spirit; the epithet of the god Varuna is Varuna, in the Rig Veda (RV). But the Asses are not only Good, they deliberately went to murder, deception, forgery, perjury, considering these deeds to be just valiant prowess. Odin - the father of the gods - at the same time wise and cruel, just and treacherous, the Leader of the Rat and the Traitor of the Warriors. The same is the dual nature of the Aesir - the brothers and children of Odin.

5 rune - Raido - RAIDO (RAIDHO), sound r. The name of the rune means "riding". In Sanskrit: , carriage(related words in Russian: ratai, warrior, military, warrior, fighting, to fight, ally ...) Late Scandinavian - reio - road
British - rad - road, Gothic - raido - travel. Late Scandinavian - reio - road.

6 runes - Kenaz - KANO (KENAZ), sound k; Old German Kauna - "torch", Gothic - kanu - flame; Late Scandinavian - kann - Torch; Anglo-Saxon. Cen, "Kaun er barna blockhead" = " Kaun er barna bǫlvan« = The ulcer is fatal to children; "Kaun er barna byol" - " Kaun er barna böl« = The disease is fatal for children. (Sanskrit: blockhead - bǫlvan- darling, child; - guy, boy from 5 to 16 years old))

7 rune Gebo - GEBO (GIFU); the sound r \ w - g, γ. The name of the rune means "Gift" - Sacrifice ... British - geofu - gift;
Gothic - giba / zhiba —giba — gift, sacrifice(related word in Russian: death)

8 rune Vunyo - WUNJO; sound w. The name of the rune means joy and happiness. British - blame - wynu - joy. Gothic - Vigna-winja - joy. Before the introduction of the letter W into the Latin alphabet, the Anglo-Saxons used the rune instead. Wynn = Ƿƿ.

The second ettir includes runes - h, n, i, j, é (ih-wh), p, R (z), s.

9 rune - Hagalaz - HAGALAZ (HAGALL); sound h. Kagal(Kahal, Hebrew קָהָל - " assembly of people, city gathering "). The name of the rune means hail, Late Scandinavian - hagl - hail
British - hagl - greeting
Gothic - hagalas - city.

10 runes - Nautiz - NAUTHIZ (NIED); sound n. The name of the rune means need, trouble; nied - "Nudga, trouble, need "
Late Scandinavian - nauo - need
British - nied - need
Gothic - nauths - need.

11 runes - Isa - ISA; sound i. The name of the rune means ice, although this rune sign expresses the word much more accurately « « , after all, all the Celts and Scandinavians in the pre-Christian era were idolaters. Late Scandinavian - iss - ice
British - is - ice
Gothic - eis - ice.

12 runes - Yara, Yera - JERA; sound i — j. (Yara, , Yaroslav, Hercules -)... The name of the rune is from the word "year" and means the annual harvest. Late Scandinavian - ear - year.
British - year - year
Gothic - "yar" - jer - harvest, fertility ("her"). Sign - "intercourse"

13 runes - Eyvaz - EIHWAZ; Iwa z - IVAz; sound é (ih). R una means yew. Later Scandinavian - ig - pine. British - eoh - yew; Willow - willow.
Gothic - eius - protection.

14 runes - Perth - Perþ (fart), PERTH, Perthro - PERDHRO; sound - p. In Italian : perdere - to lose; in French: perdre - to lose; fart - perdu - lost.
British - peoro
Gothic - painthra - "that which is hidden."

15 runes - Algiz - ALGIZ, EOLH = DEER, elk; sound -R (-z). The name of the rune comes from the word "elk" and means "protection". Late Scandinavian - elgr - moose
British - Elk - moose; eolhs
Gothic - algs - reed

16 runes - Sol - sol, Sovilu - SOWELU, Siegel - SIGEL; sound - s. Runa means the word " Sun". (Sanskrit: (in Sanskrit, the Sun is feminine - she is Zarya, Zarya) Late Scandinavian - sol - sun
British - sygil - sun
Gothic - sauil - sun.

The third ettir includes runes - t, b, e, m, l, ŋ, d, o.

17 runes - Teyvaz - TEIWAZ, shooting gallery - TIR; sound - t.
Late Scandinavian - tyr - one of the aces. Tour+ vaz - a hero, a warrior on horseback. Sanskrit: Ac + vaz - as + vas - horse. Ek + vos - hék + vos - horse, horse.
Gothic - teiws - teiws. Means warrior, god Tyr, Tyr or , also Ziu) - in Germanic-Scandinavian mythology, the one-armed god of military valor, son of Odin. Fenri the wolf bit off Thur's hand when the sir bound the wolf with a magic chain.

18 runes - Berkana - BERKANA; beork - BEORC; sound b. Rune means "birch", "birch branch." (Sanskrit :)
Scandinavian - biarcan - birch
Gothic - bairkan - birch.

19 runes - Ehvaz, Evats - EHWAZ; sound e. Runa means horse. In Sanskrit:
Gothic - eichos - aihos - horse. In Sanskrit: Ac + vaz - as + vas - horse, l horse. The horse is the embodiment of God Agni (the fire god) and the mediator between the two worlds, transporting the souls of the dead to the skies.

20 runes - Mannaz - MANNAZ; sound m. Runa means - hand, "man, man." In Sanskrit: Manas - manas - opinion.