Eternal and transitory. Transient life and eternal life What is eternal and transitory

Sections: Literature

Vladimir Semenovich Vysotsky. The traditional program offers to get acquainted with his work only in high school. In the educational complex "School-2100" we meet the poet's name already in the 7th grade: for reading and discussion, an article by the father of the poet S.V. Vysotsky "He lived and sang for us" and V.S. Vysotsky's poem "I do not love" ...

The students were offered the following lesson topic: “Vladimir Vysotsky:“ eternal ”and“ transitory ”.
At the beginning of the lesson, I drew the students' attention to the meanings of the words "eternal" and "transitory" given in the dictionary of SI Ozhegov: "eternal - does not cease to exist, persisting for many centuries", "transitory - temporary, short-lived." I ask the guys to express their opinion: what is transitory and what is truly eternal. Thirteen-year-old adolescents, using their little life experience, include friendship, love of parents, love for their home, homeland, understanding between people, nature, human life as eternal values. "Temporary, short-lived" they call what makes a person happy for an instant: to buy some thing, to be proud of superiority over another person, to prove his innocence at all costs. As a teacher, I am glad to hear these words, because they once again confirm that our literature lessons are not in vain, our conversations, sometimes revelations, help to form a single spiritual space. I ask the following question: "Can art, literature be attributed to eternal values?" The guys answer positively, naming the names of great people: A.S. Pushkin, N.V. Gogol, Vasnetsov, P.I. Tchaikovsky, Raphael and Michelangelo, whose works are known to people of many generations.

Speaking about the name of Vysotsky, I tell you that my initial impression of the poet and his work was far from correct, since the generally accepted opinion was sometimes imposed and, accordingly, distorted. Already an adult, in another time, reading his poems, books about him, I discovered a great poet, a real citizen.
Among the readings, a special place is occupied by an article by Father Vladimir Vysotsky, which the authors of the textbook of literature included in the program - this is "He lived and sang for us." Reading the article, we draw the image of the poet, his character, we trace what influenced the formation of the future poet, the formation of his views. Our conversation is lively: seventh-graders, perhaps for the first time, faced such a situation - a father talks about his son, a man known to many people. He tells in a kind, sincere, confidential manner, so I take it upon myself to read the article: it is necessary to convey to the students the touching and sincerity of the intonation, they must feel it, feel the image of the poet, and get closer to him.
We draw attention to the photo placed next to the article: Vysotsky performs a song. We reflect on what he could sing about, what feelings filled him at that moment. Maybe we are talking about the song “I don’t love” (the students got to know the poem at home)? I invite the children to watch a fragment from the film about Vysotsky - the performance of this particular song.

The poem “I don’t love” served as the basis for defining the “system of values ​​in life” by Vladimir Semenovich Vysotsky. Looking again at the poem together, we note what the lyric hero of the poet does not like. In parallel (very carefully), we focus on what he then loves and accepts. Honor and dignity, courage and fearlessness, sincerity and decency, tact and mercy. The adolescents also named the ability to withstand life's difficulties and, despite mistakes, the ability to move on. What is dear to me, they talked about human dignity, about the importance of the wealth of the inner world and about the recognition of another human path, about the place of creativity in human life. These are the eternal values ​​that we talked about at the beginning of the lesson. I peer into children's eyes: do you understand, do you understand? ..

We continue our meeting with the poet. I divide the class into groups and offer each one of the poems by Vladimir Vysotsky: "Song of the New Time", "Song of a Friend", "Finicky Horses", "Ballad of Love". The task is one: to determine the main idea of ​​the poem and the image of the lyric hero. Seventh-graders come to the conclusion that the image of the protagonist is close to the hero of the poem "I do not love", that the intonations of the poems are consonant, the same decisiveness and steadfastness.
Attentive students note (noticed!) That in all the poems considered in the lesson there is a particle not. We find words with a given particle, think about their meaning, their role. We assume that this stylistic figure (antithesis) can speak of a sharp opposition of the lyrical hero V. Vysotsky to the world around him. "Perhaps the world of that time opposed itself to the poet?" - I ask this question to the students. I do not expect an answer, only assumptions.
In the meantime, we decide the following: under what condition does the poet's work not age over time, have we found the criteria of the "eternal" in the poems examined in the lesson.

I tell the seventh graders that in 1985 the astronomers of the Crimean Observatory named the new planet, discovered between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter, Vlad Vysotsky. It appears under the number 2374. Marina Vlady, Vysotsky's wife, once said: “I often look at the stars and smile at the thought that among all this host, a shining point soars in infinity ... It’s so good.” What can you add? Penetration, respect, recognition.
In the 9th grade, we again at a literature lesson meet the name of Vladimir Vysotsky: we compare the poem of A.S. Pushkin "I have erected a monument not made by hands ..." with the poem of V.S.Vysotsky "Monument". We find different things: intonation, composition, etc. And we discover common things - life in the name of freedom and truth. The 7th grade lessons were not forgotten.
Again and again the lesson of Russian literature teaches us universal human values, an understanding of the eternal.

Can the Church Change? Some argue that this is impossible in principle, others think that without this she has no future. Someone accuses the Church of being retrograde, while someone, on the contrary, suspects that she is ready to modernize her teaching in any way so as not to lose popularity.

So what is really going on in the Church? To answer this question, you need to understand what principles the internal hierarchy of Christian values ​​is based on, on the basis of which the entire church organism has lived and has existed for two thousand years. These values ​​are by no means equal, as was said at the dawn of Christianity in the well-known formula: "In the main thing - unity, in the secondary - dissent, in everything - love." "Secondary" in this case depends not only on the views of specific people, but also on the environment in which a person has to live and preach his faith. The main thing should not change under any circumstances.
The basis of faith is formed by dogmas, without which Christianity ceases to be itself. And, of course, the most important of them is faith in Jesus Christ as the God-man and our Savior, “who suffered, and died, and rose again on the third day according to Scripture,” as parishioners of Orthodox churches sing every morning at the Liturgy, performing the Creed together.
Without Christ, first of all, without the Gospel, Christianity is impossible. However, in addition to the dogmas that make up the essence and meaning of the existence of the Church, there are other things in her everyday life - traditions, a way of life that has developed over the centuries. All this is not devoid of meaning, since it contains the embodiment of centuries of experience, but it is not a constant for a Christian. For example, the wearing of a beard by an Orthodox priest is an ancient tradition, but whether a priest has a beard or not, neither the level of his wisdom and honesty, nor the degree of his personal faith depends. If a person, for some reason, fails to grow a beard, this does not serve as a reason that does not allow him to take the dignity. For example, when Orthodox priests became associated with hippies in 1960s America, many of them shaved off their beards.
It is clear that shaving is much easier than changing the worship rules. And the Orthodox Liturgy with its deep symbolism, ancient poetry is no less significant and valuable phenomenon of art than, for example, ancient Russian painting, and therefore it requires an equally careful attitude towards itself. However, the order of words and actions in worship is not a permanent dogma. Over the course of many centuries, especially during the heyday of liturgical art, changes were made to liturgical practice more than once, but the Church did not cease to be Orthodox from this.
The past year was very significant for the life of the Russian Orthodox Church: in February Metropolitan Kirill of Smolensk and Kaliningrad was elected to the Patriarchal See. Almost immediately after that, everyone started talking about the upcoming changes in church life, and these changes did take place, but their scale and direction probably somewhat disappointed some experts who prophesied revolutionary changes in the Church. The changes did not touch the deep foundations of faith, on which the Church stands. And in other areas, changes took place gradually, without revolutionary transformations unusual for the church body.
The beginning of a new year is usually an occasion to take stock of the past year. But we would like to use this time to look at specific examples from the life of one of the Local Orthodox Churches, the Russian Church, to show what changes are taking place in church life, what they serve and what areas of our life they can touch.

Original article.

If the consciousness of humanity could compare the eternal with the transitory, then glimpses of understanding of the Cosmos would appear, for all the values ​​of humanity are based on an eternal foundation. But humanity is so imbued with respect for the transitory that it forgot about the Eternal. Meanwhile, how significant is that the form changes, disappears and is replaced by a new one. The transmissibility is so obvious, and each transience points to eternal life. Spirit is the creator of every form, but is rejected by humanity. When they understand that the spirit is eternal, then both Infinity and Immortality will enter life. Thus, it is necessary to direct the spirit of the peoples towards the understanding of the Higher Principles. Humanity is swallowed up by consequences, but the root and the beginning of everything is creativity, but it is forgotten. When the spirit is revered as a sacred Fire, the great ascent will be confirmed.

Facets of Agni Yoga

1960 Aug. 28. River of life. If the spirit entered the stream and became a part of it, the stream would carry it away with it. But the stream is carried by, going into the past, and the spirit remains to contemplate the stream of new streams, also rushing past. To understand this separateness from the stream passing by will already be an achievement of the spirit. To identify with him means to merge with him and become a part of him. The silent gazer cannot become a part of what he is looking at. The Silent Recorder, like the film of a movie camera, captures the tape of life in memory without becoming it. Life is one thing, Gazing Silently is something completely different. Feelings, thoughts, and everything that flows through a person's consciousness will not be looking at them. It is necessary to separate oneself, Looking at the stream in oneself, from the stream and not to merge with it. I suffer, I worry, I worry - it is only the astral that vibrates, but not the Silent Witness. I think, I think, I create thought-forms - this is the mental in action, but not the Witness, past which this mental stream constantly flows. I move, walk, speak, eat, drink - this is the body acting, but not He, who dwells in the body for a while. It is necessary to separate Him, Who is eternally, from the temporality of the three streams in oneself - physical, astral and mental. We must accustom ourselves to look at everything that happens inside and outside, as something that is outside, as at a temporary and transitory and not being an imperishable essence of the spirit. Here is something that has passed and has sunk into oblivion. I stand on the bank of the eternal and again look at the new streams of the stream, which sweep past and pass, as everything that happened before, passed before them. This permeability of the present hour must be affirmed in consciousness as a basis, for only the stream that gazes silently at life does not pass. Thus, the elements of the immortality of the spirit are affirmed, which are not from temporary, but from eternity. The Temporary serves only as a way of approaching the Eternal, and without it, without the experience and knowledge that it brings, one cannot approach the Eternal. Through the temporal and transient - to the imperishable and Eternal, Existing in Infinity. Phenomena of greater duration are closer to it than of short duration; the chain of incarnations is closer than one separate life, or a day, or a short hour, torn from the sphere of the transitory. Therefore, a longer line will be the decision of life. And through the brevity of each hour, you can lead this long line of life, far beyond this hour, and days, and years of a separate life, and even a segment of several lives, for infinity contains all of them, and even more than that which time contains in itself and hugs him. After all, the very concept of time contains the temporary. But my kingdom is not of this world, not of the temporary and its elements. Something in itself, standing in the middle between the rushing stream of the transient and the silent Witness, can be brought closer to any pole of life or removed from it. When consciousness approaches the stream, it enters it, merges with it and identifies itself with the transitory. When it rushes into the sphere of the Beholder forever, it leaves the stream and rises above it, asserts itself on the stone of the eternal foundation of life. Nothing that happens to a person in the sphere of his three shells can touch the Silent Recorder, although it sometimes seems to a person that everything is lost and he is dying. The unborn from three cannot perish, for he is from the beginning of time and before the beginning. To what the consciousness strives, it will remain with that. If to the temporary - with the temporary, if to the eternal - with the eternal. And if with Me, then with Me.

The planet rushes through space. Where? To the future. It is inevitable, like fate. This means that the spirit can be propelled into the future. In the present, the fusion of consciousness with the Silent Seer is unattainable. But in the future it is possible. If we consider the present as a stage of approaching the future, then, knowing what the spirit wants, we can begin to assert at this hour what is real in itself that in the future, in which everything is possible, will become the desired stage of attainment. Now, now, the possibilities of future achievements, impossible surrounded by the present night, are being asserted. The seed principle is universal: there cannot be seedlings without seed. Sowing the seeds of future seedlings in the present is necessary. Both the sower, who is a man, and the sowing field - his consciousness, and the seeds of sowing - thoughts - are the conditions that, if applied wisely and with knowledge of the law, can give a number of radiant achievements in the future. The basis and the engine is thought. On it and emphasis. And everything is achievable. And let the impossible now not confuse the daring spirit, for in the future everything is achievable if the seeds of possibilities, now unattainable, impossible and achievable in the future, are laid in the consciousness now, at the present hour. That is why boldness is affirmed by Me. The one who dares boldly, fiercely strives into the future, will reap ripely. I give a guarantee of victory. Not Magic, but the operation of an immutable law. How to explain even better that the affirmation and denial accepted by the consciousness in the present are the seeds of sowing gigantic seedlings in the future. For everything is cause and effect. We will reap what we have sown. Isn't it better to sow deliberately, choosing the seeds of the best opportunities and knowing the immutability of the law. Thus, I affirm the achievements following Me along the victorious path and I indicate the path to victory. I say, I told you, affirm.

The theme of the eternal and transitory in lyric poetry is one of the most relevant in literature. After all, the difference between these concepts is rather controversial: those things that look transitory in our eyes conceal a hidden sacred meaning that is filled with human life. Using the example of the poems of Russian classics, we will try to define the eternal and transient phenomena in human life.

A. Pushkin "Winter Morning"

From the first to the last line, Alexander Pushkin's poem "Winter Morning" is saturated with that indescribable joy that excites the soul, which is felt by every person who sees a real Russian winter. The frosty blizzard, which even in the evening evoked sadness and despondency, was replaced by a sunny frosty morning, giving inspiration and good mood!

The poem is a monologue in which the author makes his loved one, together with him, come into contact with the greatness of the Russian winter. This verse is filled with philosophical meaning - after all, a person will never be able to fully realize the beauty of a winter morning if there was no dark blizzard evening in his life.

A very important truth is hidden in the verse: after the black period of life, there always comes a time of joy and bliss, this is natural as the process of changing night and morning.

Yu Levitansky "Leaves are falling ..."

The poem by Y. Levitansky "Leaves are falling ..." is a real internal discussion of the lyric hero about what is eternal and what is transitory. At first glance, the beauty of autumn, yellow leaves swirling in their last waltz are transitory phenomena. However, they are part of nature's eternal process of changing seasons.

And even by their mere presence they supplement all the power of eternity, and therefore are a part of it. The author's doubts are dispelled by a bird that, with its singing, seems to say that everything that a person considers insignificant and transitory is in fact eternal.

A. Voznesensky "Saga"

A. Voznesensky's poem "Saga" is a loud ode to love. The author describes parting with his beloved woman, the lyrical hero is sure that he will never see her more in his life. At first glance, such a situation seems transitory for us: both heroes are ready for a new life, for parting with the past.

But can the holy feeling of love be called a transitory concept? It is eternal, like the world itself! Love originates in heaven, and even after parting, it continues to exist in space and in the memory of the person himself.

G. Shpalikov "People lose only once ..."

In the work of G. Shpalikov, an acute problem of humanity is raised - parting with people who have not been able to get to know better. Indeed, very often, when new people come into our life, we do not attach any importance to this and often let them go forever.

After a certain time, they even disappear from our memory. The author explains to the reader that the situation can be coordinated in another way: try to get to know a person, do a good deed for him, open his soul for himself. We complain about our loneliness, but calmly ignore new people in our lives who can become truly close to each of us.

An important definition of existence is going beyond existence, the possibility of striving for something most significant, absolute, transcendental. In the world of life, which arises as a result of an existe act. Encke, man exists in psychological time, passing away. Childhood, adolescence, maturity pass, a time of suffering and trials passes, a joyful moment of inspiration and reciprocity passes. But there is more. True,. Justice,. Good ro ,. God,. Beauty,. Love. These main, highest values, regardless of how each person calls them, cannot but influence the development of the individual, symbolizing the eternal, everlasting.

In the life experience of every person there are situations when he feels the openness of the transcendent, otherworldly, something greater than herself. This can be an epiphany under the influence of experiencing difficult trials, or, conversely, the feeling of being a part of the cosmic abyss, wise and harmonious, as a result of immersion in a state of happy love. Such sensations are familiar to the mother immediately after the birth of the child. They also arose among the artist, who thinks that he is only an obedient instrument in his hands. Higher. Strength. A state of religious ecstasy also leads to them, especially after exhausting fasting. Sometimes just being somewhere in nature, in the mountains, on the seashore, in the forest helps to feel your deep kinship with everything that surrounds you, with the beautiful and eternal that will remain here even when you have not been in this world for a long time it would be oud.

Let's remember. A frying pan that valued being precisely as transitory. Everything that exists in time, he called a shadow, not truths by him, however, he recognized that the transitory is for a person the only reality that needs to be put on a pound of victory, so that it shines with all the colors of life "A thousand shadows are cast by an apple tree, and the only one. God's man - in thousands of our lives, because these are thousands of images of transitory grief, transitory, passing-by-flowing shadow. The frying pan develops faith in the immortality of the best in man. it is based on the constant, eternally existing. All ours disappears, and eternity takes the place of the shadow "(VARomenetsiomenets).

The transitory, if considered outside the eternal, becomes absurd, accidental, superficial, uninteresting. The eternal, which in no way is embodied in everyday life, is not compared with the transitory, becomes abstract, unreal to them, artificial and therefore also uninteresting. The transient always begins in the eternal, represents a certain portion of the eternal, embodies the eternal, develops it. The eternal is imperceptibly, implicitly present in the naysko-rominus, in the ordinary, with the extraordinary. A person, in the whirlpool of life, remembers the uniqueness of each of his moments, which constantly strives for eternal values, until they are introduced into the sphere of the temporary, with measles and for which, step by step, he approaches himself, becomes free.

Since the late Middle Ages, there has been a Christian legend about. Agasfera, "Eternal Jew" When weakened by the weight of the cross. Jesus walked on. Calvary and needed a rest. Ahasfer, who was standing in the crowd, said: "Go, go," for which he was punished - he was forever denied eternal - in the peace of the grave. Age in the century is doomed. Egasfer travel the world, waiting for the second coming. Christ, who alone can rob him of his annoying immortality. As noted. SSAverintsev ,. Hagasfer - "this is the enemy. Of Christ, but at the same time a witness of Christ, a sinner who strikes with a mysterious curse and frightens with his one appearance as a sign and evil, but through the curse itself he is correlated with Christ, whom he must certainly meet in" this the world ", but in repentance and certainty it can turn into a good sign for these logos of the world. The structural principle of the legend is a double paradox, when the dark and the light change places twice: immortality, the desired goal of human efforts, in this case turns into a curse, and a curse - and performs (with a chance of atonement) kuti) ".

This legend has many literary incarnations. New and new interpretations, which age after century, replace each other, testify to the eternity of the problem, the absence of a final, absolute solution, the necessary awn inside each individual life to begin their own, separate search. Do you need a life that has nothing to cherish, because it still will not end or end? based on today's understanding of the finiteness of their own existence?

An ambiguous variation on the theme was presented by our contemporary, an Argentine writer. Jorge. Louis. Borges. The hero of his story, the military tribune of the Roman legion, goes to. West in search of a city. B. Bessmertnykh and after hard trials that almost cost him his life, he reaches his goal. The city turns out to be boundless, ugly and meaningless, its architecture oversaturated with symmetry evokes nothing but horror and disgust. The people who built this stunning labyrinth lost in the desert appear cruel to the Roman. And primitive troglodytes. They live in caves, feed on snakes, in their wilderness they are naive as children, because they have no compassion for anyone. Taught by the experience of history, they have abandoned any moral and rational criteria, they are not interested in anyone else's or their own dollars.

"Life. Immortal is empty, except for man, all living beings are immortal, because they do not know about death, but to feel themselves. Immortal is divine, terrible, incomprehensible to the mind" Borges notes: "To dare (or the mention of death) fills people with lofty feelings and makes life valuable. Feeling like creatures of short-lived, people behave accordingly; every deed they do can turn out to be an annihilation. "

In life, it is not true, which is aimed at the tasks of the present, as it believes. Kierkegaard, the ability to synthesize the transitory and the eternal disappears. Human existence is a drama, which testifies to the struggle to introduce eternal values ​​into everyday life familiar to everyone. We must return to the method. Socrates, to be, like him, a "stimulant of souls" Freedom provides for the opportunity to remain oneself, remembering the eternal, without feeling that he is not dependent on the demands of society, public opinion, and family expectations. And slavery is a surrender to the transitory, to the ghostly world of which. Frying pan wrote as about a rouged monkey, and also a decorated coffin-rune.

A distinctive feature of human existence is longing, longing for absolute being, longing for eternal values, for. By God. It is this longing that is the source of activity aimed at the search for true, genuine being, at an abstraction towards the eternal. But most people, looking for completeness, get bogged down in trifles.

A person cannot find himself in sense gratification, lustful desires. Kierkegaard analyzes fate. Don. João, trying to show the eternal dissatisfaction of those who are looking for the ghostly ideal of earthly love. His. Don. J. Juan seeks great love and always gets tired of the next disappointments, yearns for the ideal and is satiated with the ritual of sensual pleasures. This is a tragic figure, an image of a broken, humiliated, although "Feeling in a genius" Sensual love by its nature, as he believes. Kierkegaard cannot be true, because this is love not for one person, but for all, this is the temptation of taste.

A person cannot find himself in work for the sake of his relatives, society, and contemporaries. She dissolves herself in numerous duties, functions, assignments, tasks, losing her own individual life in all its uniqueness. A person suffers, her conscience is restless, and the only way out is to understand her purpose, to find the truth that would be her own truth, to find an idea for which she could live.

By. Kierkegaard, there is only one force that is able to unite the torn human "I", this is love for God. We find meaning in life when we begin to believe in. God, and faith becomes a revelation. A person only then lives a true life when it tries to realize the eternal in the fleeting, illumined. By God's grace. Awareness of the abyss between the transient and the eternal is at the same time the awareness of the truth about the infinity of the distance between the real, sinful, natural man and. God, between the real and the ideal "I" What could be more significant than the path over this abyss?