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Vomiting during pregnancy. Reasons

The main cause of vomiting is early toxicosis.

Other reasons

Poor nutrition. Therefore, you should avoid fatty foods, hot spices and do not drink harmful drinks.
Nervous stress and overexertion contribute to the development of vomit.
Complete restructuring of the body and changes in hormonal levels.
Strong odors perfumes and other items. For example, toothpaste smells.

Signs of vomiting

yellowish skin color;
bitter taste in the mouth.

The following chronic diseases are the initiators of vomiting

Stomach problem;
Gallbladder disease;
Improper functioning of the pancreas;
Poisoning and infections in the intestines. Observed high temperature.

An urgent visit to the doctor is essential because vomiting is dangerous, completely paralyzes the body and dehydrates.

Dehydration is characterized by changes in urine color dark color; dry skin, mouth and eyes; fainting and general weakness of the body. Dehydration can progress into the fasting ketosis stage. Treatment in hospital is possible.

Advice! Drink as much non-carbonated water as possible.

First trimester of pregnancy

Sudden vomiting during pregnancy is called toxicosis.

Toxicosis on early stages more than 60% of women pass.

At this time, the body adapts to the developing fetus. The placenta begins to form at the ninth week and is formed until the 16th week.

Signs

- Vomiting in the first trimester can occur with a frequency of 4-5 times per day.
- Usually occurs in the first half of the day.
- Not accompanied by weight loss. But when signs of dehydration occur and weight loss is observed, who will be able to conduct research and prescribe treatment.

Toxicosis is divided into:
- easy(vomiting with a frequency of 4-5 times). The general condition remains satisfactory. Usually occurs in the morning, when the body is still empty, and can be caused by food intake, strong odors. The pulse rate is no more than 80 beats per minute. Blood pressure and tests remain normal. Weight loss no more than 3 kg. - medium (vomiting up to 10 times). Pulse with a frequency of up to 100 beats per minute. Urine examination shows a positive reaction to acetone. The general condition is deteriorating. Weight loss of more than 3 kg.
- heavy(continuous vomiting). The general condition worsens, sleep disturbance is observed. There is a weight loss of 8 to 10 kg. General metabolism is disrupted. The skin is dry. Pulse with a frequency of 120 beats per minute. Body temperature rises to 38°C. Urinalysis reacts positively to acetone, and protein and casts are also detected. Creatinine increases in the blood. This condition is extremely rare.

Important! Everything (nausea, vomiting, drop in blood pressure, dizziness) usually disappears by 12-13 weeks of pregnancy. If manifestations continue, urgent examination is necessary.

Second trimester

It is believed that toxicosis is characteristic of the first trimester of pregnancy, when it should disappear in the second.

But the appearance of vomiting in the second trimester requires attention.

It may carry pregnancy threat and fetal development.

Causes of vomiting

Increased acidity in the stomach. Therefore, it is necessary to follow your diet. Avoid fried and spicy foods. The vomit tastes bitter and is yellow in color.
Stressful situations provoke vomiting even in the second trimester.
Exacerbation of a chronic disease.
Poisoning and intestinal infections. Added to this is .
Lack of vitamins and other essential beneficial components.
A decrease in blood pressure, which leads to an unpleasant symptom.

Risks dehydration, so you should drink more water according to the following scheme:

Drink often;
Drink in small portions.

To prevent vomiting it is necessary

In any case, a visit to the doctor is necessary.

Third trimester

Vomiting blood is quite dangerous. This is a severe form of toxicosis in the last stages of pregnancy. Severe swelling and general weakness appear.

Vomiting blood during pregnancy should be a warning sign. You must immediately inform your doctor. Urinalysis turns out to be poor when examined.

Vomiting in the third semester should be alarming and requires immediate consultation with a doctor.

The main reason is increase in uterine size, which leads to . Therefore, vomiting can be caused by overeating and an unhealthy diet.

It may be a warning sign that the body has problems with the liver or gall bladder.
Presence of hepatitis or hypertension.
Kidney problems.
Gastritis or stomach ulcer (vomit is green).

Important! Vomiting at 39 weeks of pregnancy may indicate prenatal changes in the body. However, if you experience severe vomiting, you should immediately consult a doctor, as this may be a symptom of infection.

To find out the reasons, the doctor will prescribe an ultrasound. Untimely treatment can lead to seizures that cause risk of death of the fetus and pregnant woman.

Start your morning in bed with breakfast.
Don't forget about snacks and fresh air.

Vomiting and diarrhea during pregnancy

Diarrhea is a fairly common occurrence. This occurs due to hormonal changes. It may occur from taking vitamins as a side effect.

Diarrhea happens:

Due to exposure to bacteria and infections (about two weeks);
Stomach upset (more than two weeks);
Inflammation in the intestines (more than four weeks).

They can occur for various reasons: problems with the intestines and thyroid gland, enzyme deficiency.

The danger is that if the problem lasts, it can reach the fetus, thereby disrupting development.

dangerous in the first trimester because there is a risk of miscarriage. The fetus does not receive the required amount of substances and vitamins.
In the second trimester, the cause may be jaundice or cholecystitis. Treatment consists of being able to take medications.
In the third trimester, dehydration occurs. The access of useful and necessary substances to the fetus is blocked. There is no danger, because the fetus is already formed. All that remains is to be under the supervision of doctors.

To overcome nausea, you must follow these rules::

In any case, this is a reason and a wake-up call to contact your attending and supervising doctor.

Pregnancy is a long-awaited and exciting state for many women. In addition to pleasant emotions, expectant mothers are haunted by unusual sensations. First of all, this is nausea during early pregnancy. However, this symptom is not a harbinger of abnormal fetal development. According to statistics, at 4-7 weeks of pregnancy, 60% of women show signs of toxicosis. And less than 10% of expectant mothers need hospital treatment.

In most cases, toxicosis occurs without consequences or complications. In mild cases, it does not require any treatment. If you experience sudden weight loss, severe vomiting or weakness, you cannot do without the help of a specialist.

The most common belief is that weakness and nausea during early pregnancy must be present, and their absence is an alarming signal.

ICD-10 code

R11 Nausea and vomiting

Causes of nausea during early pregnancy

According to most experts, nausea is provoked by the slightest hormonal changes. Risk factors:

pathologies of the digestive system;
heredity;
diseases of the thyroid gland or kidneys;
frequent stress;
infectious diseases;
obesity;
poisoning or intoxication.

Smoking can also be a cause of severe nausea during early pregnancy. expectant mother. And in some cases this is the result of self-hypnosis. Many mothers are repelled by previous experiences or simply pay too much attention to experiences. Perhaps in this case the pregnant woman should visit a psychologist.

Despite the fact that nausea does not indicate a disorder, it should not be considered the norm. Since frequent and strong vomiting can negatively affect the health of not only the mother, but also the baby. It is considered acceptable in morning time on an empty stomach.

Pathogenesis

Exists huge amount various theories that tried to explain the causes of nausea in the first trimester of pregnancy. Among them: reflex, hormonal, immune, allergic and others. However, to date, experts have not been able to find out the exact reason.

The body of the expectant mother is exposed to various irritants from the moment of fertilization. Not all systems and organs are ready to fully resist this, and as a result, a unique response occurs.

Symptoms of nausea during early pregnancy

A woman finds out about her interesting position at about 4-5 weeks. At the same time, the first signs of early toxicosis appear. In addition to weakness, a constant desire to sleep and irritability, the expectant mother begins to worry about nausea, vomiting and an increased sense of smell.

Many pregnant women suffer from nausea in the early stages of pregnancy until the delay. The reasons for this phenomenon are quite difficult to explain. Perhaps this is due to fear and anxiety or self-hypnosis.

The main symptoms of nausea during early pregnancy:

Vomit. Doctors identify several forms of vomiting:

light. Characterized by infrequent vomiting attacks (up to five per day). Within a week, the expectant mother can lose 1-3 kg. Her general condition is normal. Apathy may occur. Changes in analyzes are not recorded;
average. The number of vomiting attacks increases up to 10 times a day, and metabolism is disrupted. In seven days, an expectant mother can lose up to 5 kg. Blood pressure may drop and heart rate may increase. If you start treatment on time, the prognosis will be favorable;
heavy. This form accompanied by dizziness and nausea in early pregnancy. The frequency of vomiting attacks reaches twenty times a day. Sleep disturbance is observed, liquid and water are not retained in the stomach. A pregnant woman suddenly loses weight and experiences a dry tongue. A sharp smell of acetone appears from the mouth;

Dermatosis. Cases of its occurrence are much less common. It often manifests itself as itchy skin;
Choking or bronchial asthma. The disease is severe and is accompanied by a dry cough;
Increased salivation. It may appear as an independent pathology or with vomiting.

A mild form of nausea does not require treatment and goes away over time. Nausea without vomiting may be present in early pregnancy. This often happens on an empty stomach or in the morning. To remove the unpleasant feeling, just eat a little.

However, there are a number of symptoms that indicate the need to go to a medical facility and undergo an examination:

vomiting attacks occur more than 10 times a day;
fever and nausea in early pregnancy;
heart rate increases;
the expectant mother is rapidly losing weight.

If you have these symptoms, you should consult a specialist and undergo treatment.

Diagnosis of nausea during early pregnancy

It is not difficult for specialists to determine the diagnosis of nausea in pregnant women. To establish the extent and severity of the disease, the expectant mother must undergo examination and tests. As a result, the doctor will be able to determine the content of bilirubin in the blood, sodium, potassium, glucose, nitrogen, protein, as well as protein fractions. In urine, the doctor determines the level of protein, acetone, bile pigments and urobilin. Based on the Ht level, you can determine how dehydrated the expectant mother’s body is.

Instrumental diagnosis of nausea includes:

Ultrasound. An examination of the abdominal cavity will allow you to assess the condition of not only the biliary tract and gallbladder, but also the intestines, kidneys, and pancreas;
acidity test. The test will show the level of acidity in the body. If the study showed that the pH of the stomach is not more than 2.0, this indicates the presence of gastroenterological diseases or inflammatory processes;
esophagogastroduodenoscopy. It is a procedure that allows a specialist to assess the condition of the surface of the stomach, esophagus and duodenum. For this, a special instrument is used – an endoscope. Carried out in case of urgent need.

Differential diagnosis

Differential diagnosis is also carried out. It is necessary to determine an accurate diagnosis. Because nausea is accompanied by various diseases. For example, pancreatitis, gastritis, food poisoning, stomach cancer.

Treatment of nausea during early pregnancy

Expectant mothers are worried main question what to do and how to get rid of nausea in early pregnancy. There are many effective ways combat this problem. However, you should not self-medicate. In order not to harm yourself and your unborn child, it is better to undergo an examination and follow the recommendations of your doctor.

Treatment methods for nausea during early pregnancy

Treatment of nausea involves eliminating the cause of its occurrence. Its main goal is to restore metabolism, water-salt metabolism, and improve the functioning of important organs. Severe and moderate vomiting is treated in a hospital. You can get rid of mild nausea on an outpatient basis.

To eliminate nausea in the evening during early pregnancy, you should first review the pregnant woman’s diet. Food should be taken in small portions approximately 3-4 times a day, chilled.

Drug treatment involves the use of medications that will help eliminate nausea and vomiting:

Motilium. The drug is used for disorders of the motility of the digestive system and severe attacks of nausea. It has an antiemetic and antinausea effect by blocking dopamine receptors in neuron cells. Contraindications for use: internal bleeding, epilepsy, pain in the abdominal area, high blood pressure. According to the instructions, the daily dose of the drug is 1-2 tablets, the dose should be divided into 3 times. Motilium should be taken after meals;
Cerucal. Helps get rid of constant nausea during early pregnancy. Used for frequent vomiting, nausea, and stomach cramps. The dosage is prescribed by the attending physician individually. Because the drug can negatively affect the condition of the fetus. The average daily dose is 10-15 mg 2-3 times. Side effects: dry mouth, weakness, apathy, muscle spasms. If a woman adhered to the specialist’s recommendations and took the drug correctly, as a result of her general condition will significantly improve, intestinal function will speed up;
Regidron. Diarrhea and nausea in early pregnancy lead to excretion from the body large quantity liquids. To restore it, doctors prescribe this drug. The daily dose of the medicine is 30/60 ml of solution per kilogram of weight. One sachet of the drug is enough for a liter of warm water. It is forbidden to add sugar or its substitutes to the resulting solution, as they will reduce the therapeutic effect. Despite the fact that the drug is safe, it is better to take it under the supervision of a doctor;
Polyphepan. This is an enterosorbent agent that helps with diarrhea, nausea and vomiting, and has a detoxifying effect. Taken an hour before meals. Pregnant women are prohibited from taking the drug on their own. The doctor, after conducting an examination, establishes the dosage and duration of the course of treatment.

To eliminate nausea and vomiting in the early stages of pregnancy, physical procedures are performed. Physiotherapeutic treatment includes:

Endonasal electrophoresis. B vitamins are used for the procedure;
Electrosleep;
Galvanization of the brain.

Carrying out these procedures helps suppress the activity of the vomiting center in the brain.

The effectiveness of traditional medicine for nausea

To get rid of unpleasant symptoms, many resort to traditional treatment. The most effective remedies for combating nausea during pregnancy in the early stages, in the morning or evening, are:

cranberry juice. To prepare fruit juice, you need to wash and grind approximately 150-200 grams of cranberries. Pour boiling water over the ground berries and boil for ten minutes. You can add lemon juice and sugar to the fruit drink. You should drink the product when the first urge to vomit appears;
potato juice. Potatoes must be chopped using a blender or meat grinder. The resulting liquid is taken for nausea after eating in early pregnancy, about 2 tablespoons;
To get rid of heartburn and nausea in early pregnancy, it is recommended to drink pumpkin juice or seeds.

Nausea at night during early pregnancy leads to sleep disturbances and irritability. To get rid of unpleasant sensations, you can turn to herbal treatment. The most effective and safe lemon balm decoction. For 1 liter of water use 6 tbsp. l. herbs. Melissa should be poured with boiling water and left for 3 hours. Take a decoction of 0.5 cups 4-5 times a day.

Tea made from mint (20 g), valerian root (15 g), marigold flowers (20 g) and yarrow (20 g) also helps well. Pour boiling water (0.5 l) over the mixture of herbs and leave for 3 hours. Afterwards, the tea should be strained and taken 6 times a day, three tablespoons.

Another good remedy that helps you forget about nausea and vomiting in the first trimester of pregnancy is fennel. It improves digestion and soothes the stomach. To prepare the decoction, you need to brew 1 teaspoon in a glass of boiling water. After 10 minutes, the broth should be thoroughly strained. You can add honey or lemon juice.

Homeopathic remedies for nausea

Many specialists prefer to prescribe homeopathic remedies that reduce vomiting and alleviate the general condition of the expectant mother. Today, the most popular homeopathy drugs are the following:

Kokkulin. The tablets eliminate nausea and prevent vomiting, improve appetite. Take two tablets three times a day per day. The drug has no side effects. Contraindications include individual intolerance;
Sepia. The drug is developed on the basis of dried cuttlefish ink. The drug is prescribed for vomiting attacks, constant nausea, constipation and pain. The duration of the course of treatment and dose are determined by the attending physician;
Ipecacuanha. The product helps get rid of severe nausea and increased salivation. The drug is taken three times a day. Doses are determined by a specialist;
Colchicum. For nausea from food and chills, it is recommended to take the drug three times a day, three balls (grains).

Prevention

To avoid having to suffer from vomiting and nausea during pregnancy, you should carefully prepare for pregnancy. A planned pregnancy will help avoid the appearance of various unpleasant symptoms.

Also, we must not forget about nutrition. A pregnant woman's diet should be varied. Meals are small 3-4 times a day.

It is advisable not to get carried away physical activity. At the same time, it is necessary to walk in the fresh air for at least three hours a day, if weather conditions permit. In winter, you should dress warmly to avoid freezing.

To combat vomiting and nausea, herbal infusions are suitable. Before taking them, you should consult a specialist.

It is worth noting that nausea haunts almost all expectant mothers. However, if you listen to your body and follow the doctor’s recommendations, a woman will easily overcome this stage and will be able to fully enjoy the joy of motherhood.

Half of pregnant women are familiar with toxicosis, which most often manifests itself as nausea. Despite the fact that this phenomenon is quite common, many expectant mothers are concerned about this condition, because it is not only a physical ailment, but also causes psychological discomfort, making them worry about their health and the proper development of the fetus. Therefore, it is worth understanding when nausea and vomiting during pregnancy should not cause concern, and for what symptoms you should consult a doctor.

Content:

Nausea in early pregnancy

Nausea is one of the first signs by which a woman can guess that she is pregnant. It usually appears at the earliest stages, as soon as implantation has occurred and hormonal levels change. Most women experience a peak at 5-8 weeks of pregnancy, when levels of the hormones hCG and progesterone increase. The hormonal balance is established by the 12th week, it is at this period that women notice an improvement in their condition.

In addition to hormones, the following are considered common causes of nausea during early pregnancy:

Worsening of gastrointestinal diseases. If you had stomach problems before pregnancy, then during pregnancy they will most likely manifest as toxicosis.
Heredity. If women on the maternal side suffered from toxicosis, you need to be prepared for the fact that nausea is unlikely to be avoided.
Number of embryos. The manifestation of toxicosis is stronger if a woman is carrying two or more babies, as the level of hormones increases several times.
Gustatory and olfactory factors. A reaction is possible to any strong odors. Taste preferences also change, and yesterday’s favorite dish often makes you feel sick.
Smoking and alcoholic drinks. Bad habits lead to intoxication of the body, so expectant mothers should abandon them.
First pregnancy. Quite often, subsequent pregnancies proceed without manifestations of toxicosis.
Low blood sugar. If such a cause of nausea is identified, a piece of chocolate or a glass of sweet juice will help.

Nausea during early pregnancy is considered normal and does not require urgent medical attention. In addition, a pregnant woman may be bothered by increased salivation, dizziness and other ailments. As a rule, a mother’s poor health due to toxicosis does not affect the unborn baby in any way.

Oddly enough, a condition that causes a lot of trouble and discomfort indicates that pregnancy is proceeding normally. But a sudden cessation of nausea should be treated with caution and undergo ultrasound diagnostics, as this may indicate the fading of pregnancy, when hCG ceases to be produced and progesterone levels drop.

If nausea is accompanied by frequent or profuse vomiting, this is a reason to consult a doctor. This condition affects not only the health of the woman, but also the embryo, as the water-electrolyte balance is disturbed, which adversely affects development. Severe degrees of toxicosis are rare.

Video: Obstetrician-gynecologist on the causes and methods of dealing with nausea in early pregnancy

Late toxicosis

It is generally accepted that late toxicosis is dangerous for the health of the mother and baby. However, this is not always the case. You can talk about danger only if other symptoms are added to nausea, for example, high blood pressure or swelling. In this case, doctors diagnose gestosis.

If nausea is not accompanied by such symptoms, then most likely it is caused by the pressure of the growing uterus on the stomach. This condition goes away when the stomach drops, around 35-38 weeks of pregnancy.

In addition, intestinal motility is disrupted, which leads to difficulty emptying and constipation. This often causes intoxication of the body, and the woman begins to feel sick. This is why it is so important to monitor the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract during pregnancy.

Nausea in late pregnancy is often associated with food intake, especially large portions. Therefore, it is worth eating small and often at this time in order to unload the stomach.

Not all women are susceptible to toxicosis. For those who experience nausea, coping with it is not so easy. However, it is quite possible to alleviate your condition somewhat. Doctors say that it is important to establish a pregnant woman’s daily routine and nutrition. You can’t neglect breakfast, because many people feel sick because of an empty stomach. Sometimes, even if any food in the morning causes disgust, a portion of porridge or omelet can relieve the discomfort.

Many people find it helpful to have a cracker stored on the bedside table in the evening. This is an excellent remedy that allows you to suppress nausea even before it occurs. In addition, honey copes well with this task. Taken on an empty stomach, it coats the stomach, and the subsequent meal does not seem so scary.

Nausea during pregnancy often occurs due to increased salivation. In this case, it is recommended not to swallow saliva, so as not to provoke the appearance of even greater discomfort, which leads to vomiting. Scarves or special containers for biological fluids will come to the rescue. For ethical reasons, pregnant women rarely use this recommendation, but it significantly alleviates attacks of toxicosis.

In the later stages, it is not recommended to lie on your back, especially after eating: the fetus, pressing on the stomach, causes severe nausea. An hour after eating, doctors advise taking a knee-elbow position to empty the stomach and help food move further. But you should not bend over immediately after eating: this can cause sudden vomiting.

In especially severe cases, when nausea is accompanied by constant vomiting, the doctor may prescribe medications. This happens only after examination and passing the necessary tests.

Nutrition plays a huge role during pregnancy, so it is necessary to properly organize your diet and carefully monitor your diet and the body’s reaction to certain foods:

It is advisable to eat often in small portions;
avoid irritating smells and tastes;
It is better to have breakfast in bed, in a reclining position, especially in late pregnancy;
with a severe attack of nausea, sour and salty foods help: apples, pomegranates, sauerkraut, pickles;
exclude fried and spicy foods so as not to burden the stomach;
include proteins and complex carbohydrates in the diet: they provide additional energy and help reduce the manifestations of toxicosis;
give preference to light dishes that satisfy hunger well: soups, yoghurts, kefir and others;
avoid foods that cause unpleasant smell, sight or taste, even if they are very healthy foods;
replace minerals and vitamins that the body does not receive from food with vitamin complexes recommended and specially designed for pregnant women.

IN present moment There are many medications that help cope with nausea. During pregnancy, however, the use of most of them is extremely undesirable. When the above recommendations do not help, you can resort to folk remedies.

Traditional methods of getting rid of nausea

Traditional healers advise drinking as much liquid as possible when toxicosis occurs, giving preference to sour fruit drinks made from cranberries, lingonberries, and black currants. These vitamin drinks are very useful, in addition, they quickly cope with nausea.

Lemon or ginger added to tea can suppress nausea. It should be remembered that these are quite allergenic products and should be used with extreme caution.

Melissa and peppermint, brewed as tea, help a lot. If you feel very unwell, you can pick and chew a leaf of any of these plants for a quick effect. For the same purpose, many use mint lozenges, which also significantly improve the condition.

Anti-nausea herbs allowed during pregnancy

Compound:
Mint, marigolds, yarrow herb - 2 tsp each.
Valerian root – 1 tsp.

Application:
Pour half a liter of boiling water over the herbal mixture, leave for half an hour, strain. Drink two sips every 2-3 hours. Drink the infusion for up to three weeks, after which a two-week break is taken. Then the course can be repeated.

Some women report improvements with aromatherapy using lemon, orange, grapefruit or lime essential oils. Place a drop of the selected oil on a handkerchief and inhale as soon as you feel unwell. When using essential oils during pregnancy, you should be very careful, as sometimes allergic reaction, leading to bronchospasm.

Conditions that cause anxiety

For mild illness, when nausea does not progress to vomiting, there are no other symptoms, no special treatment is required. It is enough to rest a little for the discomfort to go away. If nausea ends with moderate vomiting up to 2-3 times a day, you should consult a doctor who will conduct an examination and give general recommendations according to the lifestyle of a pregnant woman.

Vomiting more than 3 times a day is already a pathological condition. It threatens with dehydration, general malaise and requires hospital treatment. The following symptoms accompanying nausea should also pay attention to:

sudden weight loss;
decreased or increased blood pressure;
stomach ache;
increase in temperature;
bowel disorder.

These conditions indicate severe intoxication of the body and can be both manifestations of toxicosis and a consequence of poisoning. In any case, if you have these symptoms, you should immediately consult a doctor, as the consequences for the health of the mother and fetus can be quite serious.

The causes of nausea during pregnancy, as we see, depend on the period and general condition of the woman. You shouldn’t figure them out on your own; you should only trust a specialist to identify the causes and prescribe treatment.

When the first vomiting occurs during pregnancy, the woman is happy because she receives confirmation that she has conceived, but in the future, daily nausea can be so exhausting that there is no time for joy. Why does expectant mothers vomit and how can they alleviate their suffering? Are nausea and vomiting during pregnancy always normal, or can such symptoms be dangerous?

Nausea and vomiting is one of the symptoms of pregnancy

Toxicosis during pregnancy

All women, even those who have not yet given birth, know the medical term “toxicosis”. Almost all pregnant women were, to one degree or another, susceptible to this pathological condition, which disappeared immediately after childbirth and without any treatment. There are early and late toxicosis, in which various reasons and degree of complication.

Pay attention! The main symptom of toxicosis is vomiting. This is a common symptom, but this does not mean that if a woman does not have morning sickness, then her pregnancy is somehow going wrong. We are all individual and each woman’s body adapts to bearing a fetus differently. Vomiting in late pregnancy is different from what happens in early pregnancy.

Causes of toxicosis

Let's consider what happens in the female body after conception. The main task is to maintain the pregnancy, since half the fetus consists of unfamiliar chromosomes and the body will try to expel it.
To prevent miscarriage from occurring, the female ovaries begin to produce the hormone progesterone, which has a relaxing effect on the uterus. It is progesterone that is responsible for vomiting during pregnancy, since this hormone causes toxicosis.

In addition to progesterone, prolactin and human chorionic gonadotropin can cause nausea. If hormonal changes after fertilization occur in all women, then why is it more pronounced in some pregnant women?

Attention! If a woman has or has previously had problems associated with the digestive system, then she is likely to vomit during early pregnancy. Abnormal (low or high) stomach acidity in combination with changing hormonal levels will cause not only nausea, but also severe vomiting.

In addition to hormonal components, the causes of morning sickness can be the following:

Heredity - almost always a daughter will inherit a difficult pregnancy if her mother also had severe toxicosis.
State of the immune and endocrine systems.
Psycho-emotional stress - the nervous system, not only during pregnancy, but also in other critical conditions of the body, can malfunction due to the urge to vomit.
Changed sensitivity to smells - all senses are heightened and nothing can be done about it, all you can do is endure.

It should be noted that if a woman’s existing pregnancy proceeds without serious pathologies, it is difficult to reliably determine the causes of her toxicosis. Most often, one can only guess why, but the true reasons can be found out very rarely.

Important! Heartburn, diarrhea and vomiting during pregnancy do not depend in any way on the gender of the child the woman is carrying. There are various folk beliefs on these symptoms, but it has been scientifically proven that toxicosis has no effect on whether there will be a girl or a boy, or whether twins will be born.

Normal or pathological?

The first nausea appears approximately 4-5 weeks after conception and usually lasts until 12-14 weeks, but if there are twins, nausea and vomiting in the early stages can last up to 16 weeks.

In the first trimester, vomiting occurs only in the morning, when the stomach is hungry, but it may not occur, but the woman will be sick all day. Doctors believe that nothing bad happens if food is rejected up to five times during the day, but vomiting should not be accompanied by weakness, dizziness, or weight loss.
Degrees of toxicosis:

weak – vomiting up to 5 times a day;
medium – up to 10 times;
high – over 10 times.

Attention! When an expectant mother vomits repeatedly during the day, she must be observed in a hospital, since this is already a deviation from the normal state.

With frequent vomiting, weakness, apathy, high temperature, and low blood pressure are observed. In such cases, the body becomes quite dehydrated, and weight loss can even reach 3 kg per week.

Vomiting in the second trimester of pregnancy is also observed, but not as frequent. If the baby develops without deviations in the womb, then there is no danger in such manifestations. In the middle of pregnancy, nausea occurs, but the female body seems to have come to terms with the new situation and the vomiting gradually subsides.

Important! If unpleasant symptoms continue to torment, it can be assumed that a lot of acetone has accumulated in the body to fight the fetus. Its excess must be removed and this can only be done with the help of special medications, so you need to notify your doctor about ongoing problems.

Vomiting in the third trimester of pregnancy most often occurs from gestosis - late toxicosis caused by oxygen deficiency. Nausea is accompanied by increased blood pressure, protein in the urine and severe swelling. The seriousness of gestosis is that convulsions, multiple organ failure, and coma may occur. If gestosis is diagnosed, urgent hospitalization is required.

Attention! If nausea and vomiting first appeared in the second half of pregnancy, then this is always considered by doctors to be a dangerous symptom that indicates a pathology that has arisen.
It cannot be ruled out in pregnant women, so if she complains of nausea accompanied by diarrhea and vomiting, problems with the digestive system should be looked for during pregnancy.
Treatment of nausea and vomiting
Any ailment in expectant mothers requires a proper examination, therefore, during a routine examination, a woman is obliged to tell the gynecologist everything without concealment. Only a specialist should decide whether to admit the patient to the hospital or not. Particular attention is paid if vomiting occurs at 38 weeks of pregnancy, as this may be not only late toxicosis, but also early labor.
Attention! There are no anti-nausea medications for pregnant women. You cannot self-medicate and take pills without a prescription. You can seriously harm the fetus.

All expectant mothers should think only about good things, and you can try to eliminate nausea using a few rules:
Frequent walks relieve the condition.
If you can’t walk a lot, ventilate your home more often.
Nausea only happens on an empty stomach, so breakfast is a must.
After breakfast you need to lie down and have a great breakfast in bed.
You need to listen to your own body and eat whatever you want.
Avoid fried and fatty foods.
Let meals become fractional, but frequent.
Drink more fluids unless directed by your doctor.
If nausea occurs, always limit movement.

Let's remember folk recipes. A good remedy for nausea in pregnant women is all sour and salty foods. Carry with you apples, lemon water, chamomile infusion, dried fruits and other foods like pickles and sauerkraut. It is important to understand that the urge to vomit will not accompany the entire pregnancy and everything will get better over time. Be more positive and stay healthy!

Nausea and vomiting during pregnancy are a common symptom of many girls expecting the birth of a baby. Nausea and vomiting can occur in early and late pregnancy. This condition appears differently in each expectant mother. Someone suffers from an unpleasant feeling rarely, and mainly in the first trimester. In other pregnant women, gag reflexes may occur several times daily. There are several degrees of pathological condition.

Reasons

Why might expectant mothers have a similar condition? There are a number of reasons that affect the well-being of pregnant women and provoke vomiting.

Development of intestinal infection and exacerbation chronic diseases digestive tract can cause vomiting at any stage of pregnancy.
In some cases, the body perceives the fetus as a foreign object, which causes bouts of vomiting.
In the early stages, vomiting is most often observed after nausea along with heartburn.
Early toxicosis occurs due to lack of appetite.
Sensitivity to odors increases, and many “odors” cause unpleasant sensations.
The increased production of progesterone, which is necessary for the normal course of pregnancy and preservation of the fetus, has a great influence.
Nausea followed by vomiting may also occur after eating certain foods. The body does not accept certain foods for unknown reasons.
In late pregnancy, toxicosis can also occur. The occurrence of this condition in the second and third trimester occurs unexpectedly.
Vomiting in the later stages may occur due to the consumption of low-quality products, according to the stomach. This occurs due to increased sensitivity of the stomach and intestines during pregnancy.
Overeating is also a cause of vomiting during pregnancy. This especially often occurs before the moment of childbirth. The body is trying to cleanse itself of excess burden to facilitate the birth process.

Symptoms

Toxicosis in expectant mothers can be easily recognized. Depending on the severity of the symptoms, there are several degrees of vomiting in pregnant women.

With the first degree, the expectant mother feels normal.

o Vomiting occurs no more than five times a day, and most often it occurs in the morning.

o There is a slight weight loss: no more than 2-3 kg.

o Body temperature does not increase.

o Blood pressure may be slightly reduced.

o There is a decrease in heart rate.

The second degree of toxicosis is more severe.

o Gag reflexes occur up to 10 times a day.

o There is a decrease in blood pressure.

o Heart rate increases.

o The pregnant woman feels weak and dizzy.

o When going to the toilet, you may faintly smell the acetone released from the urine.

In the third stage, not only does the condition of the expectant mother worsen, but there is also a threat of losing the child.

o Vomiting occurs up to 20-25 times a day, which can occur at any time of the day.

o Every meal or liquid provokes an attack of vomiting.

o Body temperature rises.

o Heart rate increases.

o Urination becomes rare.

o The mucous membranes and skin become dry.

Diagnosis of vomiting in pregnant women

It is not difficult to diagnose a pathological condition in an expectant mother.

To determine the severity of toxicosis, a pregnant woman will have to undergo a clinical examination.
She should undergo a general blood and urine test.
A blood sample is tested for bilirubin levels.
It is necessary to study the level of urea, nitrogen, and electrolytes using tests.
Using urine analysis, the level of acetone, protein compounds, and bile pigments is studied.
To diagnose dehydration, the ht level is studied.

Complications

What are the dangers of toxicosis during pregnancy?

If vomiting occurs infrequently, and the expectant mother feels normal, there is no threat to the body and the unborn baby. This condition is temporary and usually goes away by the end of the first trimester.
With frequent bouts of vomiting at any stage of pregnancy, there is a risk of dehydration and water-electrolyte imbalance.
Weight loss and significant deterioration in the condition of the expectant mother are possible.

Treatment

What can you do

With a mild degree of toxicosis, the expectant mother can alleviate her condition.
Typically, signs of early toxicosis stop by the end of the first trimester.
The expectant mother should eat often, but in small portions.
After waking up, without getting out of bed, you can eat cookies or an apple.
You should not eat foods that make you feel sick when you think about them.
Food should not have too strong a taste. You should limit your consumption of salty foods and exclude spicy and fried foods from your diet.
It is useful for pregnant women to walk in the fresh air.
Sleep should be at least 8 hours a day.

What does a doctor do

How can the condition be cured in an expectant mother? If moderate or severe toxicosis occurs during pregnancy, the doctor may prescribe treatment to eliminate unpleasant symptoms.

Typically, intravenous medications are prescribed using a drip. These medications help reduce body intoxication and also replenish the loss of beneficial microelements.
Taking antiemetic drugs is rare due to the negative impact of these drugs on the unborn child.
Prescribing physiotherapy helps improve the general condition of the expectant mother.
In case of severe toxicosis, the pregnant woman is treated in a hospital setting under the constant supervision of doctors.
If treatment does not bring positive results, and dangerous symptoms occur, there is a possibility of artificial termination of pregnancy. Such symptoms include jaundice of the skin and eyes, the development of tachycardia, as well as nervous disorders.

Prevention

It is not always possible to prevent toxicosis. Prevention measures include:

Frequent but portioned meals;
Regular walks in the fresh air and frequent ventilation of the room;
Eating fresh vegetables and fruits, as well as healthy foods;
Get proper rest and avoid stressful situations.